表示数值的字符串

2021-07-24

剑指 Offer 20. 表示数值的字符串

难度中等218收藏分享切换为英文接收动态反馈

请实现一个函数用来判断字符串是否表示数值（包括整数和小数）。

数值（按顺序）可以分成以下几个部分：

若干空格
一个小数或者整数
（可选）一个 'e' 或 'E' ，后面跟着一个整数
若干空格

小数（按顺序）可以分成以下几个部分：

（可选）一个符号字符（'+' 或 '-'）
下述格式之一：
1. 至少一位数字，后面跟着一个点 '.'
2. 至少一位数字，后面跟着一个点 '.' ，后面再跟着至少一位数字
3. 一个点 '.' ，后面跟着至少一位数字

整数（按顺序）可以分成以下几个部分：

（可选）一个符号字符（'+' 或 '-'）
至少一位数字

部分数值列举如下：

["+100", "5e2", "-123", "3.1416", "-1E-16", "0123"]

部分非数值列举如下：

["12e", "1a3.14", "1.2.3", "+-5", "12e+5.4"]

示例 1：

1 2	输入：s = "0" 输出：true

示例 2：

1 2	输入：s = "e" 输出：false

示例 3：

1 2	输入：s = "." 输出：false

示例 4：

1 2	输入：s = " .1 " 输出：true

提示：

1 <= s.length <= 20
s 仅含英文字母（大写和小写），数字（0-9），加号 '+' ，减号 '-' ，空格 ' ' 或者点 '.' 。

通过次数67,650

提交次数285,496

条件判断

class Solution {
    public boolean isNumber(String s) {
      if (s == null || s.length() == 0) return false;
        //去掉首位空格
        s = s.trim();
        boolean numFlag = false;
        boolean dotFlag = false;
        boolean eFlag = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            //判定为数字，则标记numFlag
            if (s.charAt(i) >= '0' && s.charAt(i) <= '9') {
                numFlag = true;
                //判定为.  需要没出现过.并且没出现过e
            } else if (s.charAt(i) == '.' && !dotFlag && !eFlag) {
                dotFlag = true;
                //判定为e，需要没出现过e，并且出过数字了
            } else if ((s.charAt(i) == 'e' || s.charAt(i) == 'E') && !eFlag && numFlag) {
                eFlag = true;
                numFlag = false;//为了避免123e这种请求，出现e之后就标志为false
                //判定为+-符号，只能出现在第一位或者紧接e后面
            } else if ((s.charAt(i) == '+' || s.charAt(i) == '-') && (i == 0 || s.charAt(i - 1) == 'e' || s.charAt(i - 1) == 'E')) {

                //其他情况，都是非法的
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return numFlag;
    }
}

有限状态自动机

class Solution {
    public boolean isNumber(String s) {
        Map<State, Map<CharType, State>> transfer = new HashMap<State, Map<CharType, State>>();
        Map<CharType, State> initialMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_INITIAL);
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_INTEGER);
            put(CharType.CHAR_POINT, State.STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SIGN, State.STATE_INT_SIGN);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_INITIAL, initialMap);
        Map<CharType, State> intSignMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_INTEGER);
            put(CharType.CHAR_POINT, State.STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_INT_SIGN, intSignMap);
        Map<CharType, State> integerMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_INTEGER);
            put(CharType.CHAR_EXP, State.STATE_EXP);
            put(CharType.CHAR_POINT, State.STATE_POINT);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_END);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_INTEGER, integerMap);
        Map<CharType, State> pointMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_FRACTION);
            put(CharType.CHAR_EXP, State.STATE_EXP);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_END);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_POINT, pointMap);
        Map<CharType, State> pointWithoutIntMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_FRACTION);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT, pointWithoutIntMap);
        Map<CharType, State> fractionMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_FRACTION);
            put(CharType.CHAR_EXP, State.STATE_EXP);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_END);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_FRACTION, fractionMap);
        Map<CharType, State> expMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_EXP_NUMBER);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SIGN, State.STATE_EXP_SIGN);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_EXP, expMap);
        Map<CharType, State> expSignMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_EXP_NUMBER);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_EXP_SIGN, expSignMap);
        Map<CharType, State> expNumberMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_NUMBER, State.STATE_EXP_NUMBER);
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_END);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_EXP_NUMBER, expNumberMap);
        Map<CharType, State> endMap = new HashMap<CharType, State>() {{
            put(CharType.CHAR_SPACE, State.STATE_END);
        }};
        transfer.put(State.STATE_END, endMap);

        int length = s.length();
        State state = State.STATE_INITIAL;

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            CharType type = toCharType(s.charAt(i));
            if (!transfer.get(state).containsKey(type)) {
                return false;
            } else {
                state = transfer.get(state).get(type);
            }
        }
        return state == State.STATE_INTEGER || state == State.STATE_POINT || state == State.STATE_FRACTION || state == State.STATE_EXP_NUMBER || state == State.STATE_END;
    }

    public CharType toCharType(char ch) {
        if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
            return CharType.CHAR_NUMBER;
        } else if (ch == 'e' || ch == 'E') {
            return CharType.CHAR_EXP;
        } else if (ch == '.') {
            return CharType.CHAR_POINT;
        } else if (ch == '+' || ch == '-') {
            return CharType.CHAR_SIGN;
        } else if (ch == ' ') {
            return CharType.CHAR_SPACE;
        } else {
            return CharType.CHAR_ILLEGAL;
        }
    }

    enum State {
        STATE_INITIAL,
        STATE_INT_SIGN,
        STATE_INTEGER,
        STATE_POINT,
        STATE_POINT_WITHOUT_INT,
        STATE_FRACTION,
        STATE_EXP,
        STATE_EXP_SIGN,
        STATE_EXP_NUMBER,
        STATE_END
    }

    enum CharType {
        CHAR_NUMBER,
        CHAR_EXP,
        CHAR_POINT,
        CHAR_SIGN,
        CHAR_SPACE,
        CHAR_ILLEGAL
    }
}

作者：LeetCode-Solution
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-lcof/solution/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-by-leetcode-soluti/
来源：力扣（LeetCode）
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。

作者：LeetCode-Solution
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-lcof/solution/biao-shi-shu-zhi-de-zi-fu-chuan-by-leetcode-soluti/
来源：力扣（LeetCode）
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。